Sep. 23, 2025
A ladle refining furnace is a device used for secondary refining of molten steel in a ladle.
Its main functions include heating the molten steel to maintain or increase its temperature; deoxidizing and desulfurizing to improve steel purity; removing inclusions to enhance steel quality; and adjusting the chemical composition of the molten steel.
LF furnace commonly used in alloy steel production. They precisely control the composition and temperature of the molten steel to meet the metallurgical requirements of different steel grades. Through technologies such as arc heating, gas agitation, and vacuum treatment, LRF Refining furnaces significantly improve the cleanliness and performance of the molten steel, ensuring the quality of the final product.
Electrode heating provides heat, while agitation and refining agents are used to remove impurities (desulfurization and deoxidation) from the molten steel, adjust the composition, and improve the quality of the molten steel to meet the high-performance requirements of the final steel. The LRF refining furnaces process uses an arc generated by external electrodes to heat the molten steel.
Simultaneously, argon or other gases are injected to create agitation, forcing impurities to rise to the surface of the steel, where they react chemically with added refining agents and are ultimately absorbed and removed by the slag layer.
1. Preparation & Steel Charging: The ladle in the external LF furnace is prepared to receive molten steel from the primary furnace (such as an electric arc furnace or converter).
2. Adding Refining Agents: Refining agents such as silicon and calcium are added to the molten steel based on the smelting objectives. These agents help react chemically with impurities in the steel.
3. Electrode Heating & Agitation: The electrodes in the LRF refining furnace are opened to generate an arc to heat the molten steel. Simultaneously, an inert gas (such as argon) is injected to create agitation within the molten steel.
4. Impurity Removal & Composition Adjustment: Desulfurization and deoxidation agitation promotes impurities (such as sulfides) to rise to the surface of the molten steel, where they react with added refining agents (such as calcium) to form more easily removable compounds and are absorbed by the slag. During the stirring and heating process, alloying elements are added to precisely adjust the molten steel's composition.
5. Once the molten steel reaches the required composition and quality, heating and stirring are stopped, and gas injection ceases, preparing the refined steel for the next continuous casting or pouring step.
The arc between the electrodes and the molten steel generates high temperatures, replenishing heat lost during the steelmaking process and providing the energy required for subsequent refining reactions.
By injecting an inert gas (usually argon) into the molten steel, bubbles rise through the steel, thereby agitating the molten steel. This agitation increases the contact area between the molten steel, slag, and refining agents, increasing the reaction rate and accelerating the removal of impurities.
The added refining agents react chemically with harmful impurities in the molten steel (such as sulfur and oxygen), forming compounds that are more easily separated from the molten steel and are then absorbed by the slag.
The slag formed during the LRF refining furnaces process covers the molten steel surface, providing protection against reabsorption of oxygen and nitrogen from the air. It also absorbs inclusions and oxides within the molten steel.
This describes the smelting process and principles of ladle refining furnace. If you have any questions or require solutions regarding metallurgical equipment such as LRF refining furnaces, electric arc furnaces, and submerged arc furnaces, please feel free to contact us at Sanrui Electric Furnace, offering one-stop service.
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The 5 ton electric arc furnace for steel-making is a special purpose equipment that makes ordinary steel, quality carbon steel, alloy steel and non-corrosive steel with electric arc as heat source and scrap steel (iron) as raw material.
15-ton electric arc furnace is used for the short-process steelmaking process, using 100% scrap steel or scrap steel + molten iron (pig iron), or scrap steel + sponge iron (DRI) as raw materials for steelmaking.
The 30-ton AC electric arc furnace is used to melt scrap steel to produce steel. Electrical energy is used to melt scrap steel. An arc forms between the charged material and the electrode.
30 Ton electric arc furnace is used for steelmaking short process smelting, using 100% scrap steel or scrap steel + molten iron (pig iron), or scrap steel + sponge iron (DRI) as raw materials for steelmaking.
The 50-ton ultra-high power electric arc furnace (50TUPH EAF) adopts ultra-high power, high impedance technology, bottom tapping technology (ETB), furnace wall oxygen oil burner and furnace door carbon-oxygen gun technology.
DC electric arc furnace is an electric arc furnace supplying electric energy with DC power supply. There is only one electrode on the top of the DC arc furnace, which is the negative electrode, and the bottom electrode is the positive electrode.
Electric arc furnaces are used to melt scrap steel for steel production. Electrical energy is used to melt scrap steel. An arc forms between the charged material and the electrode. The heat generated by the arc melts the scrap.
Electric arc furnace steel making is a steelmaking method that uses the thermal effect of electric arc to heat the charge for melting.
Ultra-high power electric arc furnace mainly changes the arc characteristics of high voltage and long arc to the arc characteristics of high current, low voltage and short arc
1 ton electric arc furnace is used for melting steel and titanium scrap metal. The principle of electric arc furnace is based on the generation of direct current, which converts electrical energy into heat energy through electrodes to melt the metal.
The closed pig iron furnace (submerged arc furnace iron making) is a non-blast furnace iron making method. Under the premise of guaranteeing the power supply, it is easy to solve the problem by using the reducing agent required by the submerged arc furnace iron making.
The main mechanical device design of Sanui ferroalloy refining furnace combines China's national conditions and draws on international advanced technologies such as Demark and Pyremate.
The Ferronickel submerged arc furnace is a special submerged arc furnace used for smelting nickel-iron alloy. Its main function is to add nickel ore, carbonaceous reducing agent (such as coke) and limestone and other raw materials into the furnace in a certain proportion
The main mechanical device design of Sanui ferrosilicon furnace combines China's national conditions and draws on international advanced technologies such as Demark and Pyremate.
The main mechanical device design of Sanui high carbon ferrochrome furnace combines China's national conditions and draws on international advanced technologies such as Demark and Pyremate.
Industrial silicon submerged arc furnace is an important equipment in silicon ore processing, playing a key role in the silicon industry.
The manganese silicon alloy furnace is mainly used to smelt silicon-manganese alloy, which is an alloy containing silicon and manganese.
The design of the submerged arc furnace main mechanical device by Sanui is based on China's national conditions and draws on international advanced technologies such as Demark and Perlmutter.
Submerged electric arc furnace is mainly used for reducing and smelting raw materials such as ore, carbonaceous reducing agent and solvent. It mainly produces ferroalloys such as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, silicon-manganese alloy, etc.
Titanium slag production adopts titanium slag electric furnace (circular furnace and rectangular furnace according to its shape) smelting process.
The LF 20 T ladle refining furnace has the functions of arc heating under normal pressure, argon blowing and stirring at the bottom of the ladle, and reducing slag making in the ladle.
LF ladle refining furnace is a bottom-blown argon ladle furnace with three-phase submerged arc heating under normal pressure. It is a device for refining molten steel in a ladle.
VD vacuum refining furnace is a commonly used refining process equipment, mainly used for deoxidation, impurity removal and other operations of molten steel, so as to obtain high purity, low impurity content of high quality steel.
VOD vacuum refining furnace has multiple functions such as vacuum degassing, oxygen blowing decarburization, vacuum charging, argon blowing stirring, non-vacuum temperature measurement sampling, wire feeding, etc.
The cast steel melting induction furnace has outstanding advantages in heat penetration or melting soft magnetic alloys, high resistance alloys, platinum group alloys, heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant alloys and pure metals.
Metal silicon smelting furnace is a metal silicon medium frequency melting furnace, which consists of furnace body, water and electricity introduction system, furnace tilting device, etc. It has fast melting temperature rise, easy to control furnace temperature and high production efficiency.
Medium frequency induction furnace mainly used for melting steel, alloy steel, special steel, stainless steel, and can also be used for melting and casting non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, etc. The customized range of induction furnaces sold by Sanrui ranges from 0.1 tons to 10 tons.
Medium frequency induction furnaces are mainly used for melting steel, alloy steel, special steel, stainless steel, and can also be used for melting and casting non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc.
Medium frequency aluminum melting furnace is used for melting and heating aluminum, scrap aluminum, aluminum ingots, and aluminum alloys; The melting capacity ranges from 100KG to 3000KG.
An induction furnace is an electric furnace that uses the induction electrothermal effect of the material to heat or melt the material. The main components of an induction furnace are sensors, furnace body, power supply, capacitors and control system.
The 3-ton medium frequency coreless induction furnace adopts a 6-phase 12-pulse double rectifier control system. A 2000KVA special rectifier transformer is used for the 2000KW medium frequency power supply.
The conductive arm of an electric arc furnace (EAF) is primarily composed of the front electrode conductive arm holder, a water-cooled clamping ring, the arm body, and the rear conductive copper plate.
The scrap charging basket of the electric arc furnace is mainly used for loading and conveying raw materials such as scrap steel into the electric arc furnace for smelting.
There are many insulation links between the EAF electrode holder and the conductive cross arm body, which greatly simplifies the cconductive cross arm structure and is a new type of electrode arm on the ultra-high power arc furnace.
Generally, the furnace cover of the electric arc furnace adopts the tubular water-cooled closed tube furnace cover structure.
The electrode lifting mechanism of electric arc furnace is composed of conductive cross arm and electrode column device.
Forged copper tile is one of the main accessories in submerged arc furnace (silicon metal furnace, calcium carbide furnace and iron alloy furnace). It generates heat energy due to passing through large current at high temperature, and is easy to be damaged due to poor working environment.
The furnace cover lifting and rotating device consists of a furnace cover lifting mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a rotating frame.
Submerged arc furnace pressure ring is used to monitor the change of air pressure in the furnace in real time, and adjust the air pressure automatically or manually according to the preset parameters to ensure the stability of air pressure in the furnace
Submerged arc furnace water-cooled Roof is an important part of submerged arc furnace (also known as electric arc furnace, calcium carbide furnace or mining furnace), which is mainly used to close the top of furnace body and bear the high temperature and pressure in the furnace.
Short network bus systems), also known as high current line, refers to the general term of the carrier fluid from the secondary outlet terminal of the transformer to the electrode (including the electrode).
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